Normal procedures
Unusual procedures
Emergency procedures
Figures, numbers & facts
PREFLIGHT INSPECTION:
1. Cockpit check:
1. Control lock............................ ....REMOVED & STOWED
2. Parking brake...............................................................SET
3. Log book, flight doc. & legal forms...................ON BOARD
4. All switches..................................................................OFF
5. Magneto switch.................................................." 0 " (OFF)
6. Windows.................................................................CLEAN
2. Engine group:
1. Propeller..CLEAN, TURNED CCW 15 - 20 times
2. Engine cowling latches.... ........ALL CLOSED & LOCKED
3. Oil cooler................................................................CLEAN
4. Dust filter (if installed)..........................CHECK POSITION
5. Oil purge............(bottle stowed)..............................DONE
6. Oil quantity.................................CHECKED (50 - 70 litres)
3. Main landing gear:
1. Tires condition & pressure (40 PSI ) ... ..........OK
2. Brakes....................................................................CLEAN
3. Check shock absorber compression according to scale:
· 90 ± 9 mm when airplane weight is 3600 Kg 7920 lbs
· 117 ± 17 " " " " 4200 Kg 9240 lbs
· 135 ± 14 " " " " 4800 Kg 10,560 lbs
· 148 ±15 " " " " 5250 Kg 11,550 lbs
· 154 ± 15 " " " " 5500 Kg 12,100 lbs
4. Left & right wings:
1. Fabric skin.................................................NO DEFECTS
2. Tie downs & Control locks...............................REMOVED
3. Carrying tapes holding & tighting...........NOT TOO WEAK
4. Lower surface of upper wing.........NO GASOLINE LEAKS
5. Pitot cover.......................................................REMOVED
6. OAT probe cover.............................................REMOVED
7. Navigation & landing lights glasses.... .................CLEAN
8. Side fuselage....... .NO CRACKS, NO DEFORMATIONS
5. Tail section:
1. Shock absorber compression......NORMAL... (50-70 mm)
2. Shock absorber.........................................NO OIL LEAKS
3. Tire pressure......................................................NORMAL
4. Fabric skin of control surfaces....................NO DEFECTS
5. Navigation light...........................................UNDAMAGED
6. Tie downs & Control locks...............................REMOVED
7. Fairing mounting screws..........TIGHT & NONE MISSING
6. Pax - Cargo cabin:
1. Cargo loading, arrangement & mounting............... ...OK
2. Rear section loading...................................................OK
3. Doors.............................................................SECURED
4. All "remove before flight" flags..REMOVED & COUNT=8
BEFORE STARTING:
1. Propeller (within 10 minutes) PULLED CCW 15 - 20 times
2. Oil collector can.....................................REMOVED & STOWED
3. Doorstep..............................................REMOVED & SECURED
4. Emergency manhole................................CLOSED & SECURED
5. Magneto switch.........................................................." 0 " (OFF)
6. Flight controls..............................FREEDOM OF MOVEMENTS
7. Air system charging valve.................................................OPEN
8. Air pressure.......................................................... CHECK > 30
9. Parking brake......................................................................SET
10. Brake pressure system............................................CHECK > 6
11. Battery switch......................................................................ON
12. Bus voltage.................................................................... > 24 V
13. On control desk, switch ON:
14. fuel tank meter
15. engine unit gages
16. flap position & oil cooler shutters indicators
17. OAT + mixt. T°
18. oil cooler shutters
19. cowl flaps
20. fire ext.
21. warning bell f
22. Rotating Beacon
23. Left & Right fuel gages..............................CHECK QUANTITY
24. Trim tabs........set to neutral....... (3 GREEN INDICATORS LIT)
25. Oil coolers shutters & cowl flaps............CHECK DEFLECTION
26. Fuel selector valve......................................................" BOTH "
27. Fire Extinguisher....................CHECKED (yellow indicator ON)
28. "Chip Monitoring" button..............................PRESS TO TEST
ENGINE START: if CHT & Oil T° > 05° (if not: oil dilution)
1. Propeller (within 10 minutes) PULLED CCW 15 - 20 times
2. Propeller control... .........................FORWARD (Low Pitch)
3. Mixture control... ..............................BACKWARD (Full Rich)
4. Fuel master lever.....................................OPEN = FORWARD
5. Carburetor heater.. ..........................................................OFF
6. Oil cooler shutter........................................................CLOSED
7. Cowl flaps...................................................................CLOSED
8. Fuel pressure (with manual pump)...........................0.25 - 0.35
9. Primer pump to cylinders.........if CHT < 80° :
· 2 - 6 injections MAX in the summer (or soon after stop)
· 6 - 10 injections MAX in the winter
10. Primer pump lever.......................................................LOCKED
11. MAKE SURE PROP. AREA IS....................................... CLEAR
12. Magneto switch..............................................................OFF " 0 " (should be switched ON 1+2 and fuel crane opened in the simulator prior starting up)
13. " Starting seqence " switch.....................................................ON
14. Starter....................ON.........................Until 8 ON AMPMETER
15. Then toggle the switch to interconnect engine shaft
16. Magneto switch........................................................BOTH " 1+2 "
17. After start: fuel pressure with manual pump..................025 - 0.35
Rem: if engine fires back into carburetor, do a few smooth
injections with the primer pump, without touching the throttle
18. Throttle (when engine runs smoothly)...................700 - 800 RPM
19. Check oil pressure..... Normal (> 3).....within 10 sec, if not: STOP
20. "Starting sequence" switch....................................................OFF
21. Generator...............................................................................ON
22. A/C Converter.........................................................................ON
23. Primer pump lever........................................................LOCKED
ENGINE WARM UP:
1. Throttle 1000 RPM until.... Oil T° rises, but in less than 3 minutes
2. Throttle 1200 RPM until..........................CHT >100° & Oil T° >30°
3. Throttle 1600 RPM until..........................CHT >120° & Oil T° >50°
ENGINE TEST:
- to be done in 4 minutes MAX (insufficient cooling)
- control wheel in backward position all-through the test
1. Establish max. continuous rated power...........................2100 / 9
2. Check "in the green":
· Oil pressure..............................4 - 5
· Fuel pressure..................0.25 - 0.35
· Oil T°..................................60° - 70°
· CHT.......................................< 215°
3. Throttle. .................................................................... 2000 RPM
4. Magnetos check (15 sec. each)....................... drop < 60 RPM
5. Throttle.... ...................................................................1900 RPM
6. Propeller.. ............"coarse pitch".........result = 1450 - 1550 RPM
7. Propeller.... .............."fine pitch".........result = 1900 RPM by itself
Rem: repeat 2 or 3 times in cold weather
8. Throttle. ..................................................................... 2100 RPM
9. Set with propeller gov.. 1900 RPM & then with throttle 10-15:
engine speed as a result must remain constant
10. Throttle. ................900 RPM................then swiftly back to 1900:
Rem: engine may increase to 2000 - 2050 but stabilize
to 1900 in 3-5 sec.
1. Throttle.. .................................................................1850 RPM :
· A/C voltage................................... > 75.5 V
· mixture check : 1-2 cm from extreme forward position
· carburetor heater check (10-15 sec): 150 - 250 RPM
drop. Warning: backfire should not occur this moment
2. Set take-off power for 10 - 15 sec, must have:
· Engine speed: 2150 - 2200 RPM
· M.P: 10.5 (if more, do not set max throttle for take-off)
3. Set throttle to....................................................IDLE (< 20sec) :
· Engine speed.................550 RPM
· Oil pressure............................ 1.5
· Fuel pressure........................ 0.15
· Oil T°.............................. 60° - 75°
· Generator OFF: check ON & note the
negative deviation (to the left) of the ampmeter pointer
· Generator: ON
4. Add throttle: should go OFF at 900-1100 RPM
5. 2 or 3 engine transitions...... IDLE <-> 2100 RPM (in 2 - 3 sec),
CHT must be > 120°
BEFORE TAXI:
1. Pax & cargo doors.....................................CLOSED & LOCKED
2. All necessary switches..........................................................ON
3. Flaps upper & lower................................................OPERATIVE
4. Engine control lever positions. ...... ...... ....................CORRECT
5. Indications of engine gages..............NORMAL "All in the green"
6. Fuel quantity in each tank..........................................CHECKED
7. A/C Converter.........................................................OPERATIVE
8. "Artificial horizon, course indic. & gyro compass" switches..ON
9. Gyro instruments.................................. .....................SLAVED
10. Navigation instruments.......................... .....CHECKED & SET
11. GPS....................................................................................ON
12. Transponder.....(1200)...." STDBY "......& 2 switches .......ON
13. Air pressure in pneumatic system.................................... > 40
14. Wheel chocks.............................................CHECK REMOVED
15. Tail wheel ..............................................................UNLOCKED
16. Block time..............................................................RECORDED
Note : Tail wheel locking has been disabled on this aircraft.
TAXI :
1. Lights...............................................................AS REQUIRED
2. If snow or OAT................................................................... < 0°
· pitot heat........................................................ ...ON
· keep mixture T° > 8° with carburetor heater... .......ON
3. All necessary switches.........................................................ON
4. Brakes......................................................................CHECKED
5. In turns, gyro indications.........................................CORRECT
6. ROTATING BEACON .. ON
BEFORE TAKE-OFF:
1. Voltage & Load meter...................................................CHECK
2. Navigation instruments & Com's ......................CONFIRM SET
3. Carburetor heater..... .......................................................OFF
4. Mixture..... ..........................................................FULL RICH
5. Fuel selector valve....................................................." BOTH "
6. Altimeters.........................................................................SET
7. Gyro compass.........SLAVED & SET TO RUNWAY HEADING
8. Set trim tabs:
· Elevator........DOWN: If heavy for 10 sec.; if not 3 - 5 sec.
· Rudder..........RIGHT for 3 seconds
9. Flaps..................................SET FOR TAKE-OFF (usually 15°)
10. Flight controls............................FREEDOM OF MOVEMENTS
11. Artificial horizon.......................CHECK NORMAL INDICATION
12. Transponder......................................................set on "Alt "
13. Engine gages.........normal indications: " ALL IN THE GREEN "
14. Cowl flaps & Oil cooler shutters.....................................OPEN
15. Lights..............................................................AS REQUIRED
16. Pax seat belts............................................ ........FASTENED
17. Take-off time............................ ........................RECORDED
18. Parking brake............................. .......................RELEASED
TAKE-OFF:
1. Without flaps:
· Engine parameters..........................9 / 2100
· Speed up to...................................140 Km/h 75 Kts
· then resume climb
2. With flaps (wind < 20 Kts): reduces take-off distance by 35 %
· If 15°: engine...................................9 / 2100
· If 25°: engine...................................9 / 2100
· If 30° (max weight)......................10.5 / 2200
· rotation speed...........................85 - 90 Km/h 48 Kts
· Speed-up to ..................................120 Km/h 65 Kts
· Flaps over 150 Ft..............gradually drawn-in
· Full drawing of flaps at...................140 Km/h 75 Kts
· then resume climb
CLIMB:
1. Establish initially.............................9 / 2050 (9 / 2100 if urgent)
2. When altitude > 150 Ft.............................................8.5 / 1850
3. Speed..................................................140 - 150 Km/h 78 Kts
Rem: if max. rate of climb required, keep 5° of flaps
until passing 1500 Ft before retracting.
4. Check :
· Oil T°...................... < 70°
· CHT ......................< 215°
